Category: Health & Well Being

This is one of those posts where I need to reiterate at the outset that I am not a doctor or medical practitioner and have absolutely no formal medical training. What I DO have, is 38 years of combined experience, private study and use of therapy for all things related to Type-1 Diabetes. In fact, if one were so inclined, one could easily believe that enough years have been spent and enough private study has been done to equivalate the knowledge of a doctor, if not the skill. But I’m not that vain… (wink, wink). Totally kidding, let’s move on…

Now that the disclaimer portion of our day has been completed, let’s move on to the actual subject of today’s post: pancreas transplantation. A pancreas transplant is one of those things that everyone with Diabetes has at least wondered about, at some point in their lives. It would make sense, right? If you have a faulty heart or kidney, you can try and have THOSE transplanted, provided you’re lucky enough to find a donor that matches you and all goes well. All sorts of other organs have been transplanted, including livers, lungs and even eyes! So what’s the problem with pancreas transplantation, and why isn’t it more of a thing?

To answer that, we need to start by doing the same thing I’ve done a dozen times since starting this blog page. We need to properly define the two mainstream types of Diabetes. Although there are a number of various types and sub-types, for the purposes of this post I will limit these definitions to Type-1 and Type-2.

In simplified terms, Type-1 Diabetes occurs when your body’s own immune system seems hell-bent on destroying your body’s insulin-producing cells, namely the ones in your pancreas. Once these cells are destroyed, your pancreas effectively stops producing insulin. In a normal body, insulin is a hormone that allows glucose to enter the bloodstream. If the amount of glucose gets too low, your body reduces or limits the amount of insulin it produces and the vice versa. Still with me? Good, moving on…

Type-2 Diabetes is a bit different on the sense that one’s body is either resistant to insulin and its effects, or one’s pancreas creates little to no insulin. This used to be referred to as an “adult-onset” Diabetes, much like Type-1 used to be referred to as “Juvenile Diabetes,” but some children have been shown to be diagnosed with Type-2 in recent decades, due a number of different factors I won’t bother getting into. Despite different treatment and dietary regiments, there is no cure for either type. No matter what you’ve read.

Now that we’re all caught up, let’s discuss the reasons behind why a pancreas transplant may not be the thing for you. First and foremost, like any organ transplant, you need a donor. Unlike liver transplantation where a portion of healthy liver can be taken from a living donor, there’s no way to replicate this with the pancreas. So simply put, you need an organ from a deceased person. There are a number of difficulties behind obtaining such an organ, including but not limited to making your way up a donor list, having the donor be a match for you and trying to determine if a transplant is right for you based on your specific set of Diabetes-related symptoms and complications.

So pancreas transplantation CAN be done, it just simply isn’t the norm. It also isn’t permanent. And apparently we live in opposite world because the worse your Diabetes may be and the harsher your complications, the better odds that you’d qualify for a transplant. This is because they usually look at the fact that your Diabetes can’t be treated with traditional therapy methods. So THAT’S weird, but Type-2 is more likely to be a fit for a transplant, since its cause is mostly the lack or reduced production of insulin in the pancreas, so replacing it would typically fix that.

So let’s say that the stars align, you pass all the tests and get a donor organ and are approved to go through with the transplant. You’ll need to undergo a rigorous regimen of anti-rejection medications. A lot of things will remain the same for you, including all the medications and constant medical check-ups to ensure your proper recovery and the acceptance of your new organ. The next issue is that the very same immune system that attacked the first pancreas will begin to attack the new one. Shortly, you’d be faced with the very same issue that caused your Diabetes in the first place.

This means that part of your new medication regimen will require immunosuppressants in order to limit your immune system so that it won’t attack the new organ. Limiting one’s immune system will lead to a greater risk of infection and you may need a whack of antiviral and antibacterial drugs. Then, one needs to consider all the complications related to the surgery and the after-care involved in any surgery, the side effects of the anti-rejection medications and the drugs you’ll need to take for the rest of your life, as well as the potential for rejection after all that pain and suffering. Are we still on the transplant gravy train or are we running scared yet?

I’m making it sound pretty horrific, but the reality is that a pancreas transplant CAN work for some individuals. It simply isn’t the standard therapy to deal with it. And even if a successful transplant will eliminate the immediate need for insulin therapy, it doesn’t actually CURE Diabetes. And if the transplant fails or one rejects the organ, one can simply go back on insulin therapy. No harm, no foul. Minus major surgery, that is.

The Mayo Clinic actually has a good article that outlines the specific procedure and the complications associated with a transplant, so give it a read. There is no cure for Diabetes. As much as I’d like to add the word “yet” to the end of that statement, I believe much as most Diabetics do, that a cure won’t be forthcoming in our lifetime. But therapies have come a long way, and if I compare being on an insulin pump, using CGM and the effectiveness of my insulin compared to 1982 when I had to guess my manual injections, carb counting wasn’t a thing and I carried a glucometer that was effectively the size of a brick, I’d say we’re pretty spoiled. ☯

We are the product of our environment. Part of your environment is the job you do. It’s inevitable. My chosen career usually has me seeing the world through those lenses, and Diabetes is very much the same. I’ve had Type-1 Diabetes for so long that I have a nasty habit of throwing out Diabetes-related terms that the average person may not understand. After several years of hearing them, my family is still left reeling by some of the terminology.

With that in mind, here are some of the most commonly-used terms I tend to throw around. These were taken from a previous article I posted last november:

1. Basal Rate:  This refers to the constant supply of some given medication that is delivered over time. For someone with Diabetes, one’s basal rate refers to the dosage of insulin, which is slowly delivered throughout the day, usually by way of an insulin pump;
2. Bolus:  Unlike one’s basal rate, a bolus refers to a singular dosage of insulin that is delivered within a fixed period of time, either by manual injection or by way of an insulin pump. For example, before eating a meal, one would “bolus” a specific dose of insulin in response to the amount of carbohydrates in the meal;
3. Blood Glucose:  This one should be pretty straightforward, but I’ve been surprised at how many people honestly don’t understand what is meant by blood glucose.  This term simply refers to the sugar carried through the blood stream in order to supply the body with energy. Having either too much, or too little sugar in the blood stream is one of the main issues with Diabetes;
4. Carbohydrates:  Considering all the “nutritional gurus” and fad diets on today’s market, this one comes as a surprise as far as people not understanding what carbs really are. Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of fuel, and includes sugars, starches and fibres. This is why it’s so important for someone with Diabetes to properly calculate their carb intake; because all these components (except fibre) will affect blood sugar;
5. Fasting:  Although not unique to Diabetes, fasting is often required prior to certain blood collection or medical examinations. It basically means that one abstains from ingesting any food or drink for a prescribed period of time;
6. Hemoglobin A1C:  Although more complicated than what I’ll explain, A1C refers to the average of one’s blood sugars over a 3-month period. This is a test frequently used to see if a person’s blood sugars are staying within acceptable range. This test has become less of a favoured method, since one’s A1C can be manipulated through extreme highs and lows. Methods of measuring a person’s “time in range”, such as continuous glucose monitoring have become more of an accurate method;
7. Hyperglycemia:  High blood sugar. That is all;
8. Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar. Bam!
9. Insulin:  This is a hormone produced by the pancreas, which regulates the level of glucose in the blood stream. In someone with Type-1 Diabetes, this hormone is no longer produced, which causes the need for a synthetically created insulin to be injected;
10. Interstitial Tissue:  This is the tissue that connects your outer flesh with the really bloody stuff underneath. This tissue is important for someone with Diabetes because it is where blood glucose levels are measured using a continuous glucose monitoring system;
11. Ketoacidosis:  This is one of the more common complications of Diabetes. As I understand it, ketoacidosis happens when there isn’t enough insulin in the system to help the sugar enter the cells. Without sugar as fuel, the body begins using fat stores for energy. This causes certain acids to start spilling into the system, which can be spilled out through one’s urine. It’s very dangerous and usually requires medical attention if your blood glucose level won’t come down or your ketones are unusually high;
12. Subcutaneous Tissue:  This refers to the layer of fat and connective tissue beneath the skin and is generally where injected insulin NEEDS to end up once injected from one’s pump or syringe.

There are probably some other terms that Diabetics use that confuse people, but these are the only ones I can think of. If you have any words or terms that you’re wondering about, drop them in my comments section and I’ll provide an explanation for those who may not know. ☯

The pandemic has certainly put a number of things on the back burner, with most amenities and some necessities having closed for a number of months and most of us finding ourselves dealing without. One of those basics necessities happens to be the dentist. I had the opportunity to visit a local dentist’s office and treat myself to a good old fashioned cleaning. I brought Nathan with me so that he could get a look at the process and what’s involved with proper oral health, since during his last trip to the dentist, he turned into wolverine and fought off the staff.

Some of this is quoted from my previous post on oral hygiene because, well… concrete information doesn’t change! So if you’re a committed reader of my blog, you may recognize some of the information.

Oral hygiene and dental health are extremely important. Perhaps more so than most people understand. While growing up, I remember that the standard was simply that you needed to brush regularly and floss in order to keep from losing your teeth. Since then, studies and medical advancements have proven just how serious the problems can become if you don’t pay proper attention to your mouth.

Let’s think about our mouths for a moment: it’s the entry point for your food and the air you breath. This means that you have a lot of stuff from the outside world that enters your body through your mouth. Like most surfaces on your body, your mouth is full of bacteria. Some of that bacteria is good, but the bad bacteria is what can lead to tooth decay, bacterial infections and gum disease. Bacterial infections can be pretty serious, especially for Type 1 Diabetics. Our weakened immune systems make us more susceptible to infection and makes them worse. Just to make you grit your teeth harder, (see what I did there?) the gum disease caused by improper oral health can make it harder to control your blood sugar levels.

Even if you don’t have Diabetes, poor oral health can leave you susceptible to cardiovascular complications, pregnancy complication and pneumonia. So, what can you do to hep prevent those oral health issues? Brushing your teeth is an obvious first step. Despite what some of us were taught as children, brushing three times a day (or after every meal, whichever is greater) is not necessary. According to the Mayo Clinic, brushing twice a day is what the current recommendation indicates. This means brushing once in the morning and once before bed. Despite this, most dentists still stick to “old faithful” and tell folks to brush three times a day. It’s not a bad thing.

Although some dentists have indicated that even once can be acceptable, you tend to run into some problems with that, including potential bad breath throughout the day and unsightly food stuck in your teeth if you’re out in public. If you only brush once a day, best to do it first thing in the morning to eliminate morning breath. But brushing after any meal you eat is ideal, since the break down of food by the bacteria in your mouth will potentially cause issues. Be sure to floss. Most people overlook flossing or it bothers them. But flossing is required to eliminate the bits of food that can’t be removed by a toothbrush. Leaving that food between your teeth against the gum line can lead to an increase in bacteria. Use an antibacterial mouthwash. Don’t forget that mouthwash is supposed to complement your dental routine and isn’t meant as a substitution for brushing.

Click on these links to articles posted by Colgate and WebMD that explain some of what I’ve written and can provide further insight. Some other small changes can also help with improved oral health, such as avoiding staining drinks such as red wine or smoking tobacco products. And don’t forget to replace your toothbrush every few months. That s&*t gets gross!

So it may not have been a post about blood sugars or exercise, but proper oral hygiene can help prevent Diabetic complications and other issues that be aggravated by Diabetes. Why take chances when the prevention is so simple? Nathan was pretty impressed with the fact that I nearly fell asleep during my cleaning and it proved to be no issue for me. He’s looking forward to a check-up of his own in order to cash in from the Tooth Fairy. Now that dental offices have re-opened, I highly recommend everyone get in for a check-up. ☯

Yesterday, I wrote a post about the potential addictive nature of sugar. I won’t get into that aspect again, since y’all can simply go read yesterday’s post if you haven’t already. But after having that post go live, I had some folks as for examples of the different names that companies use for sugar in their ingredients. As I wrote in my post Fruit Juice Is Bad For You from two weeks ago, foods that are advertised as “No Sugar Added” or “Natural” won’t necessarily be sugar-free.

In that spirit, I thought I would share a list of different names that companies use in their ingredient lists to replace the word “sugar.” This is not a comprehensive list, simply the ones I’ve seen or are aware of. Here we go… (takes a deep breath)

Dextrose, Fructose, Glucose, Lactose, Maltose, Sucrose, pretty much any word with “ose” at the end… Cane juice or Cane sugar, Corn Syrup, Maltol, pretty much anything followed by the word “syrup”, Caramel, Cane juice, Honey, Molasses… (exhales and tries to catch his breath).

Those were just the ones that I know about. I found an article posted by VirtaHealth.com that lists 56 different names for sugar. You can give it a gander and see for yourself. Some of them sound like perfectly normal foodstuffs and you wouldn’t assume that they refer to sugar. And since the ingredient list usually runs from highest to lowest amount, the closer to the beginning of the ingredient list that the word is found, the higher the content. Something to keep in mind when trying to reduce your sugar consumption. ☯

Sugar. Ahh, my old nemesis… Since I was diagnosed as a Type-1 Diabetic at the chaotic age of 4-years old, I never really got to experience that sweet side of life throughout my childhood. In fact, on the few, rare occasions where my blood dropped and the only recourse was to enjoy a regular Dr. Pepper or have a good old fashion candy bar, it would usually make my week. I made it past my teen years before having anything sweeter than fruit became possible. Since carb-counting wasn’t a thing in my household, the total and complete elimination of sugar in my diet was one of the key ways that my parents dealt with my condition.

It’s no secret that sugar has a measurable and real effect on the body, whether you have Diabetes or not. This has been proven time and again, and there have been studies that I’ve read that show that sugar has been shown to have an addictive effect as well as many others, on the body.

According to an article posted by WebMD, the average person consumes 17 teaspoons of sugar a day, which is significantly more than the recommended 12 teaspoons. Granted, that’s an American statistic but I’m sure it still applies to the majority of the Western world. And since the population seems to be hell-bent on consuming copious amounts of sugar, let’s examine some of the effects it has on the body.

According to that same article, eating sugar causes a release of dopamine, which is the “feel-good” hormone. Because of this, you’ll be likely to want more and more sugar in order to continue riding the dopamine train. This will cause the “sugar high” that my son seems to love using as a weapon of mass destruction, followed by a sugar crash, which can adversely affect your mood and make you feel down. This, in result, will cause you to seek out more sugar to counter the crash. Wash, rinse and repeat.

In addition, sugar consumption has been linked to dental issues, joint pain, skin issues, liver and heart disease. And it’s no secret that excess sugar consumption has been linked to weight-gain. And if I have to explain the issue with eating excess amounts of sugar if you have any type of Diabetes, then you probably need to go back and read some of my previous posts. Which you should be doing anyway. Go ahead, I’ll wait…

There have been some studies that have shown that sugar can be as addictive as cocaine (hence, today’s title). I tried my damnedest to find the studies I read, but I couldn’t track down the one that referred to it. But there’s no denying that some people enjoy the dopamine release and the short burst of energy that sugar can bring, and have difficulty staying away when it isn’t present. This is why you’re likely to grab a donut on your afternoon break as opposed to carrot sticks.

Can sugar have an addictive component? Yes. Granted, it often depends on who you talk to. The idea is not to try and completely eliminate sugar from your diet (whether you have Diabetes or not), but to consume in moderation in the same way as you would do with everything else. It can also be difficult to truly know how much sugar you’re consuming since it can be labelled as so many different things that you may not even know that you’re eating sugar! Modern Diabetic therapy has made it possible for people to eat in the same way as everyone else, provided they test their blood sugars regularly and adjust their insulin levels. ☯

Low blood glucose is probably my biggest pet-peeve in terms of Diabetic symptoms. I’ve been fortunate enough that with the exception of a bit of Diabetic Macular Edema, I haven’t had to deal with the more extreme Diabetic side effects. But given that I’m a fitness enthusiast with just a hint of crazy, low blood sugar is definitely one of my most-visited Diabetic symptoms.

So, how does one best treat a low? The standard answer is the rule of 15/15. Provide 15 grams of fast-acting glucose and wait 15 minutes. If your blood sugar is still low, then repeat. This isn’t always feasible, since you may be in the middle of a 60-kilometre bike ride with no place to rest or take shelter, and you need to boost your blood glucose NOW! So what’s the best answer for getting some fast-acting glucose into your system?

For myself, I like to use regular jellybeans. The ones usually put out by Dare or Ganong. They usually sit at about 2 grams of carbs per jellybean, so wolfing down about a dozen usually does the trick. I find they work the fastest and the best for me in particular, especially in the middle of the night. Grabbing two handfuls puts me at just over a dozen jellybeans, which allows me to safely go back to sleep.

Every body is different, and every Diabetic will be just as different. What this means for you is that you may need to experiment and try a few different sources of fast-acting carbohydrate to figure out what works best for you. Maybe jujubes will be preferable over jellybeans, or maybe it’s apple sauce, like one of my fellow bloggers prefers.

What you want to try and avoid, is any source of glucose that is high in fat, like chocolate. Although chocolate will have the desired effect, it’ll simply take a whole lot longer since the body will need to break down the fat before getting to the glucose. And since chocolate is essentially a brick of sugary fat, your blood may continue to drop while your body is trying to process the fat before giving you what you need.

Glucose tablets can be ideal, although they don’t seem to work well for me. I usually have to eat the entire package before I feel or see any noticeable difference. And that’s the thing: what works for you depends on your metabolism, how low your blood sugar may be and how quickly you need it to rise. If you’re lounging at home, binging Netflix, chocolate may be a perfectly acceptable option for you. It’s pretty subjective.

At the end of the day, monitoring your blood sugars through a CGM or by testing via finger-prick multiple times throughout the day is an absolute must to ensure you maintain good blood glucose levels. But if you’re suffering a low and need to get yourself up there a bit faster, be sure to chose a fat-free option that can be easily and quickly consumed. ☯

Most people are not prone to revealing their medical conditions to people. And I can’t say I don’t understand where they’re coming from. Some people are fearful of how others will act and react around them once they know. Others feel that perhaps they’ll be treated differently at work and potentially get passed up for promotions and special duties if certain medical conditions are known.

In Canada, the Labour Code and the Charter of Rights prohibits such discriminatory behaviour on the grounds of a medical condition, but if you were to strap your boss’ appendages to a polygraph and ask if that was the reason, you might be surprised. And in some cases, most cases I would think, this stems from ignorance about conditions such as Diabetes. So in a way, employers may think they’re protecting you as well as their business by ensuring they don’t put you in a position where you could bring harm to yourself.

Truth be told, I’ve always been of the opinion that full disclosure on what’s going on with me is the best policy. This simplifies matters, especially in cases where I need to request time off for something like my eye injections. In addition to that, I’ve been in a position on more than one occasion in my youth, where I’ve suffered Diabetic issues and the people around me didn’t know what was going on. Not a pleasant situation to be in.

So this begs two question: How much should you tell your employer/friends/family? And what should these folks do in a situation where you are having a Diabetic episode? The answer to the first one may be my opinion. The answer to the second is common sense and SHOULD be observed, regardless of what environment you work in.

First, let’s make something clear: you are under no obligation to share your medical information with an employer. The Labour Code and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms are reasonably clear on that. But you can click on the links to research that on your own. But should you choose to disclose your Diabetes to an employer, it can be a life-saving choice, as we all need some help every once in a while. I’ve been in situations where although I’m conscious and able to speak, I was sure grateful to have someone get my glucose to help me out. This can be an important consideration and you should bear it in mind before deciding that you don’t want to bring up your Diabetes.

The next point, and I’ve been asked this more times than I can count, is what to do if you find someone suffering from Diabetic symptoms (extreme high or low blood sugar). This is what would be referred to as hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia. Both are pretty terrible and carry their own set of complications, and there are differing opinions on what you should do if you come across someone you believe is suffering from either.

What I usually try to explain to people is that they’ll always be faced with one of two scenarios. Either I’m conscious, in which case I’ll get them to help me get what I need, or I’m unconscious. If a suspected, Diabetic patient is unconscious, I don’t care what literature you’ve read that says otherwise, DON’T TRY TO GIVE THEM ANYTHING!!! If you can’t ascertain if their blood is too high or too low, trying to treat them blindly can cause more damage.

For a while, there was a school of thought that said to give a Diabetic some glucose as you would either treat a low or if they were running high, first responders could treat it when they got on scene. Are you kidding me? If they’re in rough shape from high blood sugars, the amount of damage you can do to them by giving them additional glucose would be catastrophic.

If you’re familiar with Diabetes and the equipment we use, you could potentially test their blood. Most glucometers are reasonably fool-proof these days. Just stick the test strip into the slot and the meter will tell you what to do anyway. In this way, you can ascertain if they’re running too high or too low, and this can be of great help to first responders and you’ll know if providing glucose would be a good idea or not. But if you blindly give glucose, you could cause issues like DKA (Diabetic Ketoacidosis), organ failure, nerve damage and even heart attacks and strokes. Not a chance I’d want anyone taking with MY life if they were there.

If you were on the ball enough to call 911, first responders will be there in due course to deal with matters. The best option is to keep the person safe and clear of any danger and make sure to pass on whatever symptoms you may have documented to first responders so they can best do their job. And if you work/live with someone who has Diabetes, ask some questions. Most of us will gladly answer them as we not only prefer to clear up any confusion, most of us understand that it could be of great help to us in an emergency.

And if you HAVE Diabetes, consider letting your employer know. You may not HAVE to, but doing so could potentially save your life. And let’s be honest; there’s no shame in having Diabetes. Contrary to how it’s sometimes portrayed in the media, having Type-1 Diabetes is not your fault and it’s nothing to be embarrassed about. A little food for thought on your Wednesday morning. ☯